In theory, this page will allow you to use the Chrome, Edge, or Firefox web inspector tools to examine the CSS specificity values assigned when an element has 256 classes, or when an element is nested 256 levels deep.
In practise, Firefox for me registers 0-0-256 for the nested
em elements, and 0-256-0 for the 256-class rule.
Chrome and Edge both cap the column weighting at 255.
This paragraph has 256 CSS classes
This paragraph has 256 CSS classes but it has an ID